The water power plants use the Earth's gravity and the sun's force to generate electricity. The water vaporizes as a result of the heat of the environment, which is the main cause of which is the sun and climbs in the atmosphere. Then it collapses in rain and snow. The water flows over the heights and flows into small streams and then larger rivers, and then after some of the route, its gravitational potential energy becomes kinetic energy. There is a natural water or high -state power plants or by creating a high -end power plant We create a high state of the dam and the accumulation of water and increase its height behind the dam.
, of course, the need for electricity changes throughout the day, for example when a famous TV program ends, the need for electricity changes dramatically. The need for energy varies in weeks and seasons. Also, on holidays and working days, consumption and energy generation have a lot.
The challenge is that the major power consumed is provided by fossil fuel power plants that take half an hour or more to reach its maximum capacity. This time is more about nuclear power plants. We need something that can reach the maximum energy production capacity from zero immediately, and it can work for about half an hour to reach other power plants.
To generate electricity, a large volume of water is used where the water flows from higher levels to lower levels through a turbine. Rainfall water is collected in the lakes behind the dam and at high altitudes. After production, the water is drawn into the river and slowly moving to the sea. The water used at one season will be re -entered by nature in the next season. The water itself comes to the site of the plant, meaning no operation and displacement (gasoline or gas fuel) and can be redirected for uses such as drinking or irrigation. The hydroelectric power plants have a very high efficiency (about 1%), much higher than the thermal power plants.
Protecting them is easy and much less low than thermal power plants. Start and Shutdown are fast water power plants. The cost of generating electricity is very low. (The only cost of performance and cost protection) is very low and therefore high reliability. The flood is controlled by the storage of the lake behind the dam. It is also possible in this high -variability power plant in construction, control, and so on.
The main parts of the Blue Power Plant
Power plant equipment
- جرثقیلها
- دریچههای انسداد لوله مکش
- مشخصات شیرهای ورودی
- توربینها
- سیستم گاورنر
- ژنراتور
- یکسوکننده
- تجهیزات میدان
- شینههای حفاظدار
- کلیدها
- تجهیزات برقگیر
- ترانسها
- سیستم کنترل نیروگاه
- سیستم جریان مستقیم (DC) و تغذیه غیر قابل قطع (UPS) نیروگاه
- سیستم جریان متناوب (AC) نیروگاه
Classification of hydraulic power plants based on hydraulic properties
- نیروگاههای آبی قراردادی
- نیروگاههای Pumped storage
- نیروگاههای Tidal power كشنده توان
- نیروگاههای Depression power
Classification of hydroelectric power plants based on performance
Peak Load Plant: If the blue power plant is in this category, it means that it can be started and returned to the network in the shortest time. The purpose of these plants is to purely peak.
Base Load Plant : Unlike the upper power plant, this power plant can be circulated not only at peak times but also normally in circuit and meets the network needs of the network. Be.
Classification of hydroterbers (turbines dedicated to the water plant)
impulse: eruption -like shape, pressure, converts all energy into kinetic energy. The eruption of the turbine propeller troughs enters the wheel. The reason for the effect is the blue turbine that is rotated.
Reaction: works based on the reaction return. The water is inserted into the turbine at high pressure and low volume, part of this pressure into kinetic energy, and then the water enters the water turbine and the pressure is subsequently converted to kinetic energy. The water flowing through the turbine's wheel generates a reaction on the blade and rotates the bark.